Following a suggestion online, I also added a retarder (wave plate) to the polarizer (the lid of a polypropylene specimen box - CD jewel cases are good). Recrystalized sea salt (mostly NaCl), polarised image (left), plus retarder (right).
Sunday, 30 November 2025
Crystallography
What's the point of buying a new microscope if you can't have some fun? Given the recent poor weather and the fact that I've just bought a microscope with a polarising filter, I recrystallized some household stuff and this are the first results. I didn't buy a polarising microscope to look at inorganic substances, but to utilize birefringent properties of tissues to enhance visualization - but more of that later.
Wednesday, 26 November 2025
The Loneliest Moth in Leicester
The last couple of weeks have certainly felt like winter, which is not a bad thing - seasonality is to be welcomed. One frosty evening I was washing up after dinner when I spotted a moth on the kitchen window. Although I had never seen this species before I knew instantly what it was, which made the ensuing scramble to get a pot and catch it before it flew off even more frantic. Lonely Walter, as I called him, was a Winter Moth, Operophtera brumata. And he's definitely he/him as the females are flightless and hang around being smelly (in an alluring pheromone sort of way) and waiting for the males to find them.
He's not the smartest looking Winter Moth you ever did see, but he is the first Winter Moth I've ever seen in our suburban garden. While Operophtera brumata is by no means a rare species, it's rare around here - there hasn't been a record within five miles in the last five years. It's also one of the moths that makes old mothers go dewy-eyed and start reminiscing about the moth snowstorm in car headlights in country lanes on winter nights. It's been a bad year for nature, with climate extremes, the Government's war on wildlife and more neighbouring gardens being stripped of vegetation, paved over and a couple of non-native plants stuck in. It would be nice to think that Lonely Walter represents a beacon of hope, and in a sense he does - Nature will find a way, etc, etc. In reality, I fear that Walter is a remnant of what we have lost. As I let him go after having his mugshot taken I wished him well, willing him to use his battered wings to find all the smelly females he dreams of. I hope he did.
Monday, 3 November 2025
Good Vibrations?
While I'm yet to catch up with the Wasp Spider, Argiope bruennichi, I have long puzzled over the stabilimentum, a structure produced these spiders to decorate their orb webs. A new study shows that stabilimenta induce negligible delays in prey perception for transverse vibrations and only minor delays for normal and tangential vibrations, primarily due to the added inertial mass. However, for tangential vibrations, the presence of stabilimenta may enhance the spider’s ability to localize prey due to increased connectivity at the center of the orb web. It's an interesting finding but it doesn't eliminate the possibility of other functions, such as making these large webs more visible and so less subject to damage by animals blundering through them.
Greco G, Dal Poggetto VF, Lenzini L, Castellucci F, Pugno NM (2025) The effect of different structural decoration geometries on vibration propagation in spider orb webs. PLoS One 20(10): e0332593. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332593
Sunday, 2 November 2025
Entomology Update - October 2025
Although the weather has returned to "normal" the effects of the spring-summer drought linger with insect numbers down on what should be there.
Recently I came across a springtail that gave me pause for thought.
Guess the mystery objects!
"This report tells the story of an ambitious survey of invertebrates at Rutland Water nature reserve in England. We used pitfall traps across several lagoons, hoping to focus on spiders but deciding to record everything we caught. Around sixty traps went out. Some were lost to flooding, others raided by crows. Even so, more than a thousand spiders were recovered, along with a by-catch of beetles and other groups. The work was far bigger than we expected. It took time, energy, and patience to bring the results together. Four years later - and with help from many generous volunteers - we are at last ready to share the findings. This report covers only the spider records."
A new research paper shows that a Japanese shieldbug uses fungi to ward off parasitoid wasp attacks.
Notable Finds
Drymus pumilio, second record for VC55.Anakelisia fasciata, second record for VC55.
Eupteryx thoulessi, second record for VC55.
Kolbia quisquiliarum, first record for VC55.
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